ABSTRACT
Resumen Las "enfermedades infecciosas emergentes y reemergentes" constituyen una creciente amenaza para la hegemonía de la biomedicina, al suscitar no pocos interrogantes sobre la idoneidad de su discurso y prácticas para afrontar el desafío global que representan. Se analiza el proceso de construcción de esta nueva categoría nosológica, y se examinan ejemplos destacados del impacto de las enfermedades (re)emergentes en la salud pública, la seguridad alimentaria y el desarrollo humano a escala global. Se refiere a prácticas irresponsables de sectores de la industria farmacéutica y agropecuaria, determinantes en su desencadenamiento y diseminación; y a algunos fallos cruciales de enfoque y manejo de los tiempos en las políticas de salud global en relación al VIH/sida con desastrosas consecuencias para el África subsahariana.
Abstract "Emerging and reemerging infectious diseases" pose a growing threat to the hegemony of biomedicine, raising questions about whether its discourse and practices can handle the global challenge they represent. The construction of this new nosological category is analyzed in this article, which examines some notable examples of the impact of (re)emerging diseases on public health, food security and human development on a global scale. It discusses irresponsible practices by sectors of the pharmaceutical and agricultural industries which led to the emergence and spread of these diseases; and points to some crucial failures of approach and time management in global health policies on HIV/AIDS, with disastrous consequences for sub-Saharan Africa.
Subject(s)
Humans , History, 20th Century , History, 21st Century , Global Health , Communicable Diseases, Emerging/history , Public Health , Disease OutbreaksABSTRACT
Doenças emergentes são aquelas novas que promovem significativo impacto sobre o ser humano, devido à sua gravidade e à potencialidade de deixar sequelas limitadoras e morte ou pelas repercussões sociais relacionadas com a sua prevalência, reveladoras de degradação ambiental. As doenças reemergentes ou resistentes às drogas são as que reaparecem após período de declínio significativo ou com risco de aumento no futuro próximo.
New emerging diseases are diseases that promote significant impact on human beings, due to its seriousness and potential consequences of allowing limiting and death or the social implications related to its prevalence, indicative of environmental degradation. The reemerging diseases resistant to drugs are those that reapper after a period of significant decline, or at risk of increasing in the near future.